Improvement in stoves



c. A. HAMLIN.

STOVE.

No. 189,557 k Patented Apri117, 1877.

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NPETERS, PHD{O-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D C.

UNITED STATES CHARLES A. HAMLIN, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO S. H.RANSOM PATENT OFFICE.

& 00., 0F SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189,557,dated April 17,1877; application filed January 22, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. HAMLIN, of the city and county of Albany,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Cooking and Heating Stoves, of which the following is a full andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing,making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a frontelevation of a cookingstove; Figs. 2 and 3, longitudinal sections of thefront end of the same, and Fig. 4. a transverse section at the line w:10.

My invention relates to the construction of cooking and heating stoves,more especially to their fire-boxes and the parts lying contiguousthereto; and it consists, first, in constructing said fire-boxes in suchmanner that the area of the upper portion of the burning fuel may begreatly extended beyond the area of the horizontal grate-surface, whichextension may be made either permanently, by means of stationary plates,or temporarily, by means of adjustable plates, so that a greater surfaceof the incandescent fuel will be utilized for increasing theradiating'capacity of the fire when used for the purposes of broiling,heating, or illumination, and the economic efiect produced by a givenquantity of fuel greatly enhanced; secondly, in constructing thefire-chambers, when used for the purpose of broiling, in such mannerthat the gridiron for holding the material to be cooked will be held andsupported intermediately between the surface of the fire and the topplate of the stove, thereby dispensing with the necessity for removingany portion of the top plates of the stove while broiling, leaving itintact for carrying on the functions properly pertaining thereto;thirdly, in'extending the projecting portion of the frontplate of thestove, so as to adapt it for receiving the extension of thefire-surface, in the manner herein set forth, thereby greatly increasingthe capacity of the stove at this point for illumination and radiation.

My invention remedies several well-known defects in the operation ofstoves, as commonly constructed, among which may be named the following:Fire-chambers in which the surface of the burning fuel is so contractedthat a large percentage of the radiant heat and light is either lost orrendered comparatively useless, and the process of combustion greatlyimpeded; where, for the purpose of broiling, portions of the top of thestove are necessarily removed, the air that is admitted through theholes over the fire checks the combustion and cools down the burningfuel, the top of the stove is rendered useless for other purposes, andthe disagreeable smoke and odor from the fire and broiling food escapesand circulates through the house, and, by mingling with the air of theapartments, renders it noisome.

As shown in the drawing, which represents my improvements as applied tocooking stoves and ranges, A is the top of the stove, which is providedwith the boiler-holes commonly formed therein; B, the bottom plate; 0,the front plate, having an enlarged projection, 0 extending outwardtherefrom, the side pieces of which are provided with grooves 0 or anyequivalent device, for receiving and supporting a gridiron; it is alsoprovided with a register or damper, 0 for regulating the supply of airto the fire-chamber. The upper part of the projection is cut away, asshown in the drawing, and, as I preferably construct it, so formed as toreceive the ogee door D in an inclined position. The increased size ofthe projection c and the inclined position in which the door is placed,admits of it (the door) being made unusually large, thereby securing acorresponding increase in the size of the mica windows d. By this means,and by the increased fire-surface, an unusual degree of illumination issecured at this point. The fire-box is formed by the grate E, back piece6 end pieces 0 and the adjustable front plate F. The back and end piecesmay be made of fire-brick, or any other substance that will resist thedestructive action of the fire. The two end pieces are provided withshoulders a, corresponding with the grooves 0 for the support of thegridiron, as shown in Fig. 3. The adjustable front plate F is providedat its lower edge with trunnions f one of which projects through theside of the stove, where, by being provided with the usual appliancesfor the purpose, it serves as a means for turning the plate on itstrunnions. It is also provided with the bars f, by which a gratedopening is formed for the admission of air to the front part of thefire. A portion of these bars are cut off at their lower ends, therebyforming an elongated opening for the purpose of removing the clinkersand other impurities from the grate E. Above the front plate F of thefire-box an opening is left in the front plate 0, extending across theentire width of the projection c and upward as far as the top of theopening for the door D. This opening (which is closed by the rollingdamper G) affords ample space for the introduction of the gridiron, andthe food placed thereon, to its place over the fire. It also affords(when the damper is partially raised) greater space for the passage ofthe rays of light and heat to and through the mica windows of the doorD. The damper G is provided with trunnions, upon which it turns. One ofthese trunnions, g projects through the side of the stove, and is formedinto a handle for operating the damper. The projecting ears g on thedamper bear against the door D when the damper is raised, and serve thepurpose of opening the door, and

retaining it in an open position when the handle of the damper is caughtby the catch g, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3.

The oven H is made in the usual manner, and the flues around it may bearranged in any way most desirable. As my invention does not pertain tothese parts of the stove, a more elaborate description of them isunnecessary.

I is the ash-pit, which in Fig. 2 is located directly beneath thefire-box, while in Fig. 3 it is placed directly behind the front plateof the stove. J is a warming-closet, arranged in Fig. 2 in front of thecurved portion of the front plate 0, and beneath the hearth-plate K,while in Fig. 3 it is located between the front plate of the oven andthe back plate of the ash-pit.

Preferably I construct the stove containing these improvements in theform shown in Fig. 2, without the warming-closet J, which, frompreference, I dispense with, leaving the front of the stove beneath thehearth-plate Kas formed by the curved front plate, and cutting off thebottom plate B at the point indicated by the dotted line shown on thatplate in Fig. 2. The changes from this form (shown in the drawings) aresimply modifications of the general arrangement by which my improvementscan be adapted to stoves of this class; and in tl] changes ormodifications from the form shown in Fig. 2 I make use of the projectionof the front plate for receiving the adjustable plate F, and for thispurpose the said projection extends beyond the face of the front plate0, as determined by its line of junction with the top plates of thestove.

The hearth-plate K is hinged to the front plate 0 at the base of itsprojection, and in such position in relation to the gridiron that itserves to hold a dish or platter for catching the gravy from thebroiling food. When not required for that purpose it can be turned downout of the way, leaving more space about the stove.

In operating my improvements, when the stove is only used for baking,boiling, or frying, the fire-box may be maintained in the form shown inFig. 2, wherein the front plate F and damper G are both in an erectposition, and the burning fuel is confined in a close, contracted area.To extend the radiating surface of the fuel, the front plate F is turneddown, as shown in Fig. 3, which allows the burning fuel to fall forwardsufficiently far into the projection c to have its rays of light andheat to pass without interception through the mica windows of the doorD, thereby creating a high degree of illumination and radiant heat. Whenrequired for broiling, the door D is raised and held by the damper G, ashereinbefore described. The gridiron L is then slid into the grooves 0as shown in Fig. 3, whereby it is held securely, and, from its closeproximity to the fire, the broiling is accomplished in much less timethan when the operation is performed over the opened boiler-holes, andthe smoke and odors arising therefrom are carried 01f through theescapepipe of the stove, and in this way the broiling is effected in avery expeditious and cleanly manner.

The front plate F can be restored to its vertical position at any time,when the gridiron is removed, by the application of a slight amount offorce to its projecting trunnion.

It will readily be seen that this improvement in the construction offire-boxes can be easily adapted to use in heating-stoves having openfire-places, so as to produce an extended fire-surface for the radiationof heat and light.

My invention embraces the construction of fire-boxes in which the frontor rear plates, or both of them, are permanently fixed in an inclinedposition to the horizontal grate, for the purpose of greatly increasingthe area of the upper surface of the burning fuel in its relation to thearea of the grate-surface, for the purposes herein set forth.

I claim as my invention- I. In a cooking or heating stove provided witha permanent projection, c, of the front plate (3, a fire-box having anadjustable front plate, F, for extending the upper surface of theburning fuel into said projection within the exterior casing of thestove, and beyond the area of the grate E, for the purposes of broiling,radiation, or illumination, in the manner herein specified.

2. The permanent projection of the front plate 0, in combination withthe inclined front plate F of the fire-box extending thereinto, as andfor the purpose herein specified.

3. The combination, with the projection c of the front plate 0, havingthe grooves 0 of the end pieces 6 having the shoulders 0 as and for thepurpose herein specified.

4. The combination of the adjustable front plate F with the damper G, asand for the purpose herein specified.

CHARLES A. HAMLIN.

Witnesses E. J. BENNETT, WILLIAM H. Low.

